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from __future__ import absolute_import
import errno
import logging
import operator
import os
import shutil
import site
import sys
from os import path
from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP
from pip._vendor import pkg_resources
from pip._vendor.packaging.utils import canonicalize_name
from pip._internal.cache import WheelCache
from pip._internal.cli import cmdoptions
from pip._internal.cli.cmdoptions import make_target_python
from pip._internal.cli.req_command import RequirementCommand, with_cleanup
from pip._internal.cli.status_codes import ERROR, SUCCESS
from pip._internal.exceptions import CommandError, InstallationError
from pip._internal.locations import distutils_scheme
from pip._internal.operations.check import check_install_conflicts
from pip._internal.req import install_given_reqs
from pip._internal.req.req_tracker import get_requirement_tracker
from pip._internal.utils.datetime import today_is_later_than
from pip._internal.utils.distutils_args import parse_distutils_args
from pip._internal.utils.filesystem import test_writable_dir
from pip._internal.utils.misc import (
ensure_dir,
get_installed_version,
get_pip_version,
protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows,
write_output,
)
from pip._internal.utils.temp_dir import TempDirectory
from pip._internal.utils.typing import MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING
from pip._internal.utils.virtualenv import virtualenv_no_global
from pip._internal.wheel_builder import build, should_build_for_install_command
if MYPY_CHECK_RUNNING:
from optparse import Values
from typing import Iterable, List, Optional
from pip._internal.models.format_control import FormatControl
from pip._internal.operations.check import ConflictDetails
from pip._internal.req.req_install import InstallRequirement
from pip._internal.wheel_builder import BinaryAllowedPredicate
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def get_check_binary_allowed(format_control):
# type: (FormatControl) -> BinaryAllowedPredicate
def check_binary_allowed(req):
# type: (InstallRequirement) -> bool
if req.use_pep517:
return True
canonical_name = canonicalize_name(req.name)
allowed_formats = format_control.get_allowed_formats(canonical_name)
return "binary" in allowed_formats
return check_binary_allowed
class InstallCommand(RequirementCommand):
"""
Install packages from:
- PyPI (and other indexes) using requirement specifiers.
- VCS project urls.
- Local project directories.
- Local or remote source archives.
pip also supports installing from "requirements files", which provide
an easy way to specify a whole environment to be installed.
"""
usage = """
%prog [options] <requirement specifier> [package-index-options] ...
%prog [options] -r <requirements file> [package-index-options] ...
%prog [options] [-e] <vcs project url> ...
%prog [options] [-e] <local project path> ...
%prog [options] <archive url/path> ..."""
def add_options(self):
# type: () -> None
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.requirements())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.constraints())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_deps())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.pre())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.editable())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'-t', '--target',
dest='target_dir',
metavar='dir',
default=None,
help='Install packages into <dir>. '
'By default this will not replace existing files/folders in '
'<dir>. Use --upgrade to replace existing packages in <dir> '
'with new versions.'
)
cmdoptions.add_target_python_options(self.cmd_opts)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--user',
dest='use_user_site',
action='store_true',
help="Install to the Python user install directory for your "
"platform. Typically ~/.local/, or %APPDATA%\\Python on "
"Windows. (See the Python documentation for site.USER_BASE "
"for full details.)")
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--no-user',
dest='use_user_site',
action='store_false',
help=SUPPRESS_HELP)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--root',
dest='root_path',
metavar='dir',
default=None,
help="Install everything relative to this alternate root "
"directory.")
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--prefix',
dest='prefix_path',
metavar='dir',
default=None,
help="Installation prefix where lib, bin and other top-level "
"folders are placed")
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.build_dir())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.src())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'-U', '--upgrade',
dest='upgrade',
action='store_true',
help='Upgrade all specified packages to the newest available '
'version. The handling of dependencies depends on the '
'upgrade-strategy used.'
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--upgrade-strategy',
dest='upgrade_strategy',
default='only-if-needed',
choices=['only-if-needed', 'eager'],
help='Determines how dependency upgrading should be handled '
'[default: %default]. '
'"eager" - dependencies are upgraded regardless of '
'whether the currently installed version satisfies the '
'requirements of the upgraded package(s). '
'"only-if-needed" - are upgraded only when they do not '
'satisfy the requirements of the upgraded package(s).'
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'--force-reinstall',
dest='force_reinstall',
action='store_true',
help='Reinstall all packages even if they are already '
'up-to-date.')
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
'-I', '--ignore-installed',
dest='ignore_installed',
action='store_true',
help='Ignore the installed packages, overwriting them. '
'This can break your system if the existing package '
'is of a different version or was installed '
'with a different package manager!'
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.ignore_requires_python())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_build_isolation())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.use_pep517())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_use_pep517())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.install_options())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.global_options())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
"--compile",
action="store_true",
dest="compile",
default=True,
help="Compile Python source files to bytecode",
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
"--no-compile",
action="store_false",
dest="compile",
help="Do not compile Python source files to bytecode",
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
"--no-warn-script-location",
action="store_false",
dest="warn_script_location",
default=True,
help="Do not warn when installing scripts outside PATH",
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(
"--no-warn-conflicts",
action="store_false",
dest="warn_about_conflicts",
default=True,
help="Do not warn about broken dependencies",
)
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.no_binary())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.only_binary())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.prefer_binary())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.require_hashes())
self.cmd_opts.add_option(cmdoptions.progress_bar())
index_opts = cmdoptions.make_option_group(
cmdoptions.index_group,
self.parser,
)
self.parser.insert_option_group(0, index_opts)
self.parser.insert_option_group(0, self.cmd_opts)
@with_cleanup
def run(self, options, args):
# type: (Values, List[str]) -> int
if options.use_user_site and options.target_dir is not None:
raise CommandError("Can not combine '--user' and '--target'")
cmdoptions.check_install_build_global(options)
def is_venv():
return (hasattr(sys, 'real_prefix') or
(hasattr(sys, 'base_prefix') and
sys.base_prefix != sys.prefix))
# Check whether we have root privileges and aren't in venv/virtualenv
if os.getuid() == 0 and not is_venv() and not options.root_path:
command = path.basename(sys.argv[0])
if command == "__main__.py":
command = path.basename(sys.executable) + " -m pip"
logger.warning(
"Running pip install with root privileges is "
"generally not a good idea. Try `%s install --user` instead."
% command
)
upgrade_strategy = "to-satisfy-only"
if options.upgrade:
upgrade_strategy = options.upgrade_strategy
cmdoptions.check_dist_restriction(options, check_target=True)
install_options = options.install_options or []
logger.debug("Using %s", get_pip_version())
options.use_user_site = decide_user_install(
options.use_user_site,
prefix_path=options.prefix_path,
target_dir=options.target_dir,
root_path=options.root_path,
isolated_mode=options.isolated_mode,
)
target_temp_dir = None # type: Optional[TempDirectory]
target_temp_dir_path = None # type: Optional[str]
if options.target_dir:
options.ignore_installed = True
options.target_dir = os.path.abspath(options.target_dir)
if (os.path.exists(options.target_dir) and not
os.path.isdir(options.target_dir)):
raise CommandError(
"Target path exists but is not a directory, will not "
"continue."
)
# Create a target directory for using with the target option
target_temp_dir = TempDirectory(kind="target")
target_temp_dir_path = target_temp_dir.path
self.enter_context(target_temp_dir)
global_options = options.global_options or []
session = self.get_default_session(options)
target_python = make_target_python(options)
finder = self._build_package_finder(
options=options,
session=session,
target_python=target_python,
ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
)
build_delete = (not (options.no_clean or options.build_dir))
wheel_cache = WheelCache(options.cache_dir, options.format_control)
req_tracker = self.enter_context(get_requirement_tracker())
directory = TempDirectory(
options.build_dir,
delete=build_delete,
kind="install",
globally_managed=True,
)
try:
reqs = self.get_requirements(args, options, finder, session)
reject_location_related_install_options(
reqs, options.install_options
)
preparer = self.make_requirement_preparer(
temp_build_dir=directory,
options=options,
req_tracker=req_tracker,
session=session,
finder=finder,
use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
)
resolver = self.make_resolver(
preparer=preparer,
finder=finder,
options=options,
wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
ignore_installed=options.ignore_installed,
ignore_requires_python=options.ignore_requires_python,
force_reinstall=options.force_reinstall,
upgrade_strategy=upgrade_strategy,
use_pep517=options.use_pep517,
)
self.trace_basic_info(finder)
requirement_set = resolver.resolve(
reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
)
try:
pip_req = requirement_set.get_requirement("pip")
except KeyError:
modifying_pip = False
else:
# If we're not replacing an already installed pip,
# we're not modifying it.
modifying_pip = pip_req.satisfied_by is None
protect_pip_from_modification_on_windows(
modifying_pip=modifying_pip
)
check_binary_allowed = get_check_binary_allowed(
finder.format_control
)
reqs_to_build = [
r for r in requirement_set.requirements.values()
if should_build_for_install_command(
r, check_binary_allowed
)
]
_, build_failures = build(
reqs_to_build,
wheel_cache=wheel_cache,
build_options=[],
global_options=[],
)
# If we're using PEP 517, we cannot do a direct install
# so we fail here.
pep517_build_failure_names = [
r.name # type: ignore
for r in build_failures if r.use_pep517
] # type: List[str]
if pep517_build_failure_names:
raise InstallationError(
"Could not build wheels for {} which use"
" PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly".format(
", ".join(pep517_build_failure_names)
)
)
# For now, we just warn about failures building legacy
# requirements, as we'll fall through to a direct
# install for those.
for r in build_failures:
if not r.use_pep517:
r.legacy_install_reason = 8368
to_install = resolver.get_installation_order(
requirement_set
)
# Check for conflicts in the package set we're installing.
conflicts = None # type: Optional[ConflictDetails]
should_warn_about_conflicts = (
not options.ignore_dependencies and
options.warn_about_conflicts
)
if should_warn_about_conflicts:
conflicts = self._determine_conflicts(to_install)
# Don't warn about script install locations if
# --target has been specified
warn_script_location = options.warn_script_location
if options.target_dir:
warn_script_location = False
installed = install_given_reqs(
to_install,
install_options,
global_options,
root=options.root_path,
home=target_temp_dir_path,
prefix=options.prefix_path,
warn_script_location=warn_script_location,
use_user_site=options.use_user_site,
pycompile=options.compile,
)
lib_locations = get_lib_location_guesses(
user=options.use_user_site,
home=target_temp_dir_path,
root=options.root_path,
prefix=options.prefix_path,
isolated=options.isolated_mode,
)
working_set = pkg_resources.WorkingSet(lib_locations)
installed.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('name'))
items = []
for result in installed:
item = result.name
try:
installed_version = get_installed_version(
result.name, working_set=working_set
)
if installed_version:
item += '-' + installed_version
except Exception:
pass
items.append(item)
if conflicts is not None:
self._warn_about_conflicts(
conflicts,
new_resolver='2020-resolver' in options.features_enabled,
)
installed_desc = ' '.join(items)
if installed_desc:
write_output(
'Successfully installed %s', installed_desc,
)
except EnvironmentError as error:
show_traceback = (self.verbosity >= 1)
message = create_env_error_message(
error, show_traceback, options.use_user_site,
)
logger.error(message, exc_info=show_traceback) # noqa
return ERROR
if options.target_dir:
assert target_temp_dir
self._handle_target_dir(
options.target_dir, target_temp_dir, options.upgrade
)
return SUCCESS
def _handle_target_dir(self, target_dir, target_temp_dir, upgrade):
# type: (str, TempDirectory, bool) -> None
ensure_dir(target_dir)
# Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
# packages to be moved to target directory
lib_dir_list = []
# Checking both purelib and platlib directories for installed
# packages to be moved to target directory
scheme = distutils_scheme('', home=target_temp_dir.path)
purelib_dir = scheme['purelib']
platlib_dir = scheme['platlib']
data_dir = scheme['data']
if os.path.exists(purelib_dir):
lib_dir_list.append(purelib_dir)
if os.path.exists(platlib_dir) and platlib_dir != purelib_dir:
lib_dir_list.append(platlib_dir)
if os.path.exists(data_dir):
lib_dir_list.append(data_dir)
for lib_dir in lib_dir_list:
for item in os.listdir(lib_dir):
if lib_dir == data_dir:
ddir = os.path.join(data_dir, item)
if any(s.startswith(ddir) for s in lib_dir_list[:-1]):
continue
target_item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir, item)
if os.path.exists(target_item_dir):
if not upgrade:
logger.warning(
'Target directory %s already exists. Specify '
'--upgrade to force replacement.',
target_item_dir
)
continue
if os.path.islink(target_item_dir):
logger.warning(
'Target directory %s already exists and is '
'a link. pip will not automatically replace '
'links, please remove if replacement is '
'desired.',
target_item_dir
)
continue
if os.path.isdir(target_item_dir):
shutil.rmtree(target_item_dir)
else:
os.remove(target_item_dir)
shutil.move(
os.path.join(lib_dir, item),
target_item_dir
)
def _determine_conflicts(self, to_install):
# type: (List[InstallRequirement]) -> Optional[ConflictDetails]
try:
return check_install_conflicts(to_install)
except Exception:
logger.exception(
"Error while checking for conflicts. Please file an issue on "
"pip's issue tracker: https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/new"
)
return None
def _warn_about_conflicts(self, conflict_details, new_resolver):
# type: (ConflictDetails, bool) -> None
package_set, (missing, conflicting) = conflict_details
if not missing and not conflicting:
return
parts = [] # type: List[str]
if not new_resolver:
parts.append(
"After October 2020 you may experience errors when installing "
"or updating packages. This is because pip will change the "
"way that it resolves dependency conflicts.\n"
)
parts.append(
"We recommend you use --use-feature=2020-resolver to test "
"your packages with the new resolver before it becomes the "
"default.\n"
)
elif not today_is_later_than(year=2020, month=7, day=31):
# NOTE: trailing newlines here are intentional
parts.append(
"Pip will install or upgrade your package(s) and its "
"dependencies without taking into account other packages you "
"already have installed. This may cause an uncaught "
"dependency conflict.\n"
)
form_link = "https://forms.gle/cWKMoDs8sUVE29hz9"
parts.append(
"If you would like pip to take your other packages into "
"account, please tell us here: {}\n".format(form_link)
)
# NOTE: There is some duplication here, with commands/check.py
for project_name in missing:
version = package_set[project_name][0]
for dependency in missing[project_name]:
message = (
"{name} {version} requires {requirement}, "
"which is not installed."
).format(
name=project_name,
version=version,
requirement=dependency[1],
)
parts.append(message)
for project_name in conflicting:
version = package_set[project_name][0]
for dep_name, dep_version, req in conflicting[project_name]:
message = (
"{name} {version} requires {requirement}, but you'll have "
"{dep_name} {dep_version} which is incompatible."
).format(
name=project_name,
version=version,
requirement=req,
dep_name=dep_name,
dep_version=dep_version,
)
parts.append(message)
logger.critical("\n".join(parts))
def get_lib_location_guesses(
user=False, # type: bool
home=None, # type: Optional[str]
root=None, # type: Optional[str]
isolated=False, # type: bool
prefix=None # type: Optional[str]
):
# type:(...) -> List[str]
scheme = distutils_scheme('', user=user, home=home, root=root,
isolated=isolated, prefix=prefix)
return [scheme['purelib'], scheme['platlib']]
def site_packages_writable(root, isolated):
# type: (Optional[str], bool) -> bool
return all(
test_writable_dir(d) for d in set(
get_lib_location_guesses(root=root, isolated=isolated))
)
def decide_user_install(
use_user_site, # type: Optional[bool]
prefix_path=None, # type: Optional[str]
target_dir=None, # type: Optional[str]
root_path=None, # type: Optional[str]
isolated_mode=False, # type: bool
):
# type: (...) -> bool
"""Determine whether to do a user install based on the input options.
If use_user_site is False, no additional checks are done.
If use_user_site is True, it is checked for compatibility with other
options.
If use_user_site is None, the default behaviour depends on the environment,
which is provided by the other arguments.
"""
# In some cases (config from tox), use_user_site can be set to an integer
# rather than a bool, which 'use_user_site is False' wouldn't catch.
if (use_user_site is not None) and (not use_user_site):
logger.debug("Non-user install by explicit request")
return False
if use_user_site:
if prefix_path:
raise CommandError(
"Can not combine '--user' and '--prefix' as they imply "
"different installation locations"
)
if virtualenv_no_global():
raise InstallationError(
"Can not perform a '--user' install. User site-packages "
"are not visible in this virtualenv."
)
logger.debug("User install by explicit request")
return True
# If we are here, user installs have not been explicitly requested/avoided
assert use_user_site is None
# user install incompatible with --prefix/--target
if prefix_path or target_dir:
logger.debug("Non-user install due to --prefix or --target option")
return False
# If user installs are not enabled, choose a non-user install
if not site.ENABLE_USER_SITE:
logger.debug("Non-user install because user site-packages disabled")
return False
# If we have permission for a non-user install, do that,
# otherwise do a user install.
if site_packages_writable(root=root_path, isolated=isolated_mode):
logger.debug("Non-user install because site-packages writeable")
return False
logger.info("Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages "
"is not writeable")
return True
def reject_location_related_install_options(requirements, options):
# type: (List[InstallRequirement], Optional[List[str]]) -> None
"""If any location-changing --install-option arguments were passed for
requirements or on the command-line, then show a deprecation warning.
"""
def format_options(option_names):
# type: (Iterable[str]) -> List[str]
return ["--{}".format(name.replace("_", "-")) for name in option_names]
offenders = []
for requirement in requirements:
install_options = requirement.install_options
location_options = parse_distutils_args(install_options)
if location_options:
offenders.append(
"{!r} from {}".format(
format_options(location_options.keys()), requirement
)
)
if options:
location_options = parse_distutils_args(options)
if location_options:
offenders.append(
"{!r} from command line".format(
format_options(location_options.keys())
)
)
if not offenders:
return
raise CommandError(
"Location-changing options found in --install-option: {}."
" This is unsupported, use pip-level options like --user,"
" --prefix, --root, and --target instead.".format(
"; ".join(offenders)
)
)
def create_env_error_message(error, show_traceback, using_user_site):
# type: (EnvironmentError, bool, bool) -> str
"""Format an error message for an EnvironmentError
It may occur anytime during the execution of the install command.
"""
parts = []
# Mention the error if we are not going to show a traceback
parts.append("Could not install packages due to an EnvironmentError")
if not show_traceback:
parts.append(": ")
parts.append(str(error))
else:
parts.append(".")
# Spilt the error indication from a helper message (if any)
parts[-1] += "\n"
# Suggest useful actions to the user:
# (1) using user site-packages or (2) verifying the permissions
if error.errno == errno.EACCES:
user_option_part = "Consider using the `--user` option"
permissions_part = "Check the permissions"
if not using_user_site:
parts.extend([
user_option_part, " or ",
permissions_part.lower(),
])
else:
parts.append(permissions_part)
parts.append(".\n")
return "".join(parts).strip() + "\n"